No matter how many borders you have crossed, each new one staring you in the face is always a bit stressful. They can determine in a big way if you continue your journey or not! In this guide, I’m going to share with you how to be fully prepared for each border crossing through Latin America, and things you can even avoid along the way.
Vocabulary
Let’s start with the basics. I’m going to share some vocabulary with you that is relevant for each border going through Latin America. Regardless of your Spanish speaking abilities, these words will help you out greatly when it is time to go office hunting:
– Aduana: The Customs Office where you will complete paperwork for your vehicle.
– Migracion: Immigration Office where you will complete passport stamps and visas for yourself.
– Permiso: The permit for your vehicle to be legally imported into the country.
– Seguro: Vehicle Insurance
– Titulo: Vehicle’s Original Title
– Registro: Vehicle’s Current Registration in your home country
– Firma: Your Signature
– Multa: A fee you must pay if you stay past your vehicle’s permission date.
Rule #1: Refuse the helpers
Unless you are planning on spending a whole lot of money for no reason, the people offering to help you at each border are unnecessary. Their fear tactics will work on you unless you know all the steps before-hand. They are good at what they do, and will take absurd amounts of money from you slowly during the process.
These helpers will be persistent, but I urge you to continually refuse their help. My first experience with these people was entering into Honduras. $160 later, I could have finished everything myself for under $30. It was a lesson learned from me, so you don’t have to on your journey.
Rule #2: Fumigation
Most borders require you fumigate your vehicle for any bugs or pests that may be coming along for the ride. The reality is, they just want your money. Most borders give you a fumigation form you must have with you to exit the country.
Get your steps in!
One thing with Latin American border offices? They are stretched all over the place! If you are the type of person who counts your daily steps, worry not my friend. These offices will be sure to give you a good workout!
If that is the case, the real question is: Where to first?
The Process: Step by Step
Step 1: Exit your current country
Your first stop should be at Migracion to get your passport stamped out of the country you are leaving. This is usually a quick process – show your passport, they stamp it, and you’re done. Don’t forget to ask for your tourist card back if you had one.
Next, head to Aduana to cancel your vehicle permit. This is crucial – if you don’t cancel your vehicle permit, you may face hefty fines when trying to re-enter that country. They’ll ask for your permit paper and stamp it as canceled.
Step 2: Cross the border
This can be as simple as walking or driving a few hundred meters, or it might involve bridges, rivers, or significant distances between border posts. Each crossing is different.
Step 3: Enter the new country
Start with Migracion again. Present your passport and any required documents (visa if needed). They’ll stamp you into the country and may give you a tourist card. Make sure to check how long you’re allowed to stay.
Then head to Aduana for your vehicle. You’ll need:
– Original vehicle title
– Current registration
– Valid driver’s license
– Passport
– Sometimes proof of insurance
They’ll issue you a temporary import permit for your vehicle. This permit is crucial – keep it safe and don’t lose it!
Step 4: Insurance and fumigation
Most countries require local insurance. You can usually buy this at the border or in the first major town. Don’t skip this – the fines for driving without insurance can be severe.
For fumigation, they’ll spray your vehicle (or pretend to) and give you a certificate. It’s usually a scam, but it’s often mandatory.
Country-Specific Tips
Mexico
– The FMM tourist card is free and valid for up to 180 days
– Vehicle permits are also free for tourists
– Make sure to get your vehicle permit canceled when leaving
Guatemala
– Tourist visa on arrival for most nationalities
– Vehicle permits require a quetzal deposit that’s refundable when you leave
– Keep all your paperwork – you’ll need it to exit
Honduras
– This is where the helpers are most aggressive
– The process is more complex but still doable yourself
– Expect to pay around $30-40 in legitimate fees
Nicaragua
– One of the more expensive borders
– Expect to pay $50-100 in various fees
– The process can take 2-3 hours
Costa Rica
– Requires proof of departure (return ticket or onward travel)
– Vehicle insurance is mandatory and expensive
– Very organized process
Panama
– Requires a Panamanian driver’s license for extended stays
– Vehicle inspection is required
– Can be time-consuming but straightforward
Essential Documents Checklist
Always carry originals and copies of:
– Passport (with at least 6 months validity)
– Driver’s license
– Vehicle title
– Vehicle registration
– Insurance documents
– Previous border stamps and permits
Money Matters
Bring small bills in USD – many border officials prefer this. Also have local currency for each country. Expect to pay:
– Mexico: Free (tourists)
– Guatemala: $20-30
– Honduras: $30-50
– Nicaragua: $50-100
– Costa Rica: $30-50
– Panama: $40-60
Common Mistakes to Avoid
1. Not canceling vehicle permits when leaving countries
2. Losing important paperwork – keep everything organized
3. Accepting help from “officials” who approach you
4. Not having enough cash in small bills
5. Rushing the process – border crossings take time
6. Not checking stamp dates – make sure everything is correct
Final Thoughts
Border crossings in Latin America can seem intimidating, but with proper preparation and knowledge, they’re manageable. The key is staying organized, being patient, and not letting aggressive helpers pressure you into unnecessary expenses.
Remember that border officials are generally helpful if you’re polite and have your paperwork in order. Don’t let a few bad experiences discourage you from this incredible journey through Latin America.
Each border crossing is a small adventure in itself, and successfully navigating them independently gives you confidence for the road ahead. Take your time, double-check everything, and enjoy the process – you’re living an adventure that few people ever experience!
‘Til next time,
Pete – A Traveling Teacher